A bullion bank is a specialized financial institution operating in the wholesale precious metals market, primarily gold and silver. It provides market making, trading, custody, financing, and clearing/settlement services to refineries, central banks, institutional investors, and sovereign clients. Bullion banks…
Bullion refers to precious metals in bulk form, typically gold or silver, valued by weight and purity rather than face value or craftsmanship.It includes bars, ingots, or coins that meet international standards of fineness and can be traded, stored, or…
Measure of a precious metal’s purity, expressed in parts per thousand (‰). It indicates how much of a metal sample consists of pure gold, silver, or platinum, as opposed to alloying elements such as copper, silver, or zinc. For gold,…
A troy ounce is the standard unit of measurement used to value and trade gold, silver, platinum, and other precious metals in global markets.Equal to 31.1034768 grams, the troy ounce remains the cornerstone of bullion pricing, settlement, and inventory reporting…
A kilobar is a standardized 1,000-gram gold bar (approximately 32.15 troy ounces) that has become the most common format for both institutional and private bullion storage.Its compact size, high purity, and easy tradability make it the preferred form for cross-border…
The 100 oz gold bar is a standard bullion format used across professional storage systems and investment-grade custody.It provides a balance between the high efficiency of institutional settlement bars and the flexibility required by private investors, family offices, and smaller…
The 400 oz gold bar is the globally recognized institutional standard for physical gold used in professional custody, settlement, and reserve management.Weighing approximately 12.4 kilograms, it forms the core unit of trade among central banks, bullion banks, and accredited vault…
The LBMA Vault List is the official register of accredited storage facilities authorized to hold, settle, and manage Good Delivery gold and silver bars under the governance of the London Bullion Market Association (LBMA).These vaults represent the backbone of the…
An LBMA Good Delivery Bar is a 400-ounce gold bar that meets the London Bullion Market Association’s technical, chemical, and logistical standards for institutional trade and settlement.It is the globally recognized format for gold held and transacted in professional custody…
LBMA Good Delivery is the international benchmark standard that defines the physical, chemical, and logistical specifications for gold and silver bars accepted in the professional bullion market.It establishes the requirements for refineries, vaults, and custodians that handle institutional-grade bullion, ensuring…