Hong Kong Gold Market: CGSE, Brink’s, Malca-Amit, HKIA Depository
Since 1910, the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society (CGSE) has run as the only physical gold and…
Capital & Gold Insights
Read MoreHong Kong Gold Market: CGSE, Brink’s, Malca-Amit, HKIA Depository
How Bullion Banks Clear Gold: LBMA, Loco London, and the Physical Settlement Layer
On a typical trading day in the LBMA-cleared market, the volume of gold transacted between bullion banks dwarfs…
Bullion Bank vs Physical Bullion Counterparty: Allocated vs Unallocated Models
Buying gold from a bullion bank and buying physical bullion from a refinery-supplied counterparty produce documents that look…
What Is a Bullion Bank: LBMA Market Makers and the Physical Gold Market
The term bullion bank surfaces early in any serious research into physical gold acquisition — attached sometimes to…
German Gold Refining: Heraeus, Heimerle & Meule, C. Hafner, Agosi
A German gold bar is one refined in Germany by Heraeus, Heimerle & Meule, C. Hafner, or Agosi…
UAE Gold Refining: Al Etihad, Emirates Gold, SAM Precious Metals
UAE refineries cast and mint several hundred tonnes of gold bullion each year. Six producers carry meaningful commercial…