Bullion Bank vs Physical Bullion Counterparty: Allocated vs Unallocated Models
Buying gold from a bullion bank and buying physical bullion from a refinery-supplied counterparty produce documents that look…
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Explore institutional solutions for purchasing and managing investment-grade gold. Each article covers custody setup, legal compliance, and secure settlement practices.
Read MoreBullion Bank vs Physical Bullion Counterparty: Allocated vs Unallocated Models
What Is a Bullion Bank: LBMA Market Makers and the Physical Gold Market
The term bullion bank surfaces early in any serious research into physical gold acquisition — attached sometimes to…
German Gold Refining: Heraeus, Heimerle & Meule, C. Hafner, Agosi
A German gold bar is one refined in Germany by Heraeus, Heimerle & Meule, C. Hafner, or Agosi…
UAE Gold Refining: Al Etihad, Emirates Gold, SAM Precious Metals
UAE refineries cast and mint several hundred tonnes of gold bullion each year. Six producers carry meaningful commercial…
Swiss Gold Bar Supply: Argor-Heraeus, Valcambi, PAMP, Metalor
A Swiss gold bar is one refined in Switzerland by Argor-Heraeus, Valcambi, PAMP, or Metalor. These four —…
Argor-Heraeus Gold Bars: Refinery Origin, Specifications, and Verification
Choosing Argor-Heraeus as a refiner brings a particular set of credentials with the bar. Argor-Heraeus is a Swiss…